新型缩醛型阴离子表面活性剂的合成

在三氟化硼乙醚溶液的催化下,庚醛与环氧氯丙烷反应生成2-己基-4-氯甲基-1,3-二氧杂环戊烷。中间体再与亚硫酸钠进行磺化反应,合成缩醛型可分解表面活性剂（2-己基-1,3-二氧杂环戊烷-4）甲烷-1-磺酸钠盐。考察了原料摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应温度和反应时间对合成2-己基-4-氯甲基-1,3-二氧杂环戊烷产率的影响。最佳反应条件为n（环氧氯丙烷）∶n（庚醛）=1.125∶1,催化剂用量为0.5 mL,反应温度为55℃,反应时间6 h,产率为44.5%。所得中间体及目标产物经核磁及红外表征,并测定产物的临界胶束浓度cmc为3.0×10-3 mol/L。

Synthesis of the acetal anionic surfactants

The 2-heptyl-4-chloromethyl-1,3-dioxolane acetals were synthesized from heptanal with epichlorohydrin,catalyzed by boron trifluoride etherate.Then after reaction with sodium sulfite,acetal anionic cleavable surfactants（2-heptyl-1,3-dioxolan-4） methane-1-sulfonate was prepared.The effects of rawmaterial composition,amount of catalyst,reaction temperature and reaction time on the yields of the product were studied.The optimal conditions were as follows： the ratio of n（epibromohydrin）： n（heptanal）was 1.125∶1,BF3.Et2O was 0.5 mL;reaction temperature was 55 ℃;reaction time was 6 hours;the yields was 44.5%.The structure of the resulted product was characterized by IR and 1HNMR.The results showed that the product was the resulting compound.Critical micelle concentration of the surfactant was 3.0×10-3 mol/L.