稻壳基木质素在聚氨酯泡沫材料中的应用研究

针对生产聚氨酯所用的原材料价格昂贵、不可再生的问题,采用粮食加工废弃物——稻壳中的木质素为原料,部分取代聚醚多元醇合成聚氨酯。通过乙醇法从稻壳中提取木质素,再以环氧氯丙烷对其改性,来增加木质素中的活性羟基数量及在聚醚多元醇中的溶解度,以增加木质素的反应活性和提高取代聚醚多元醇的程度;从而部分替代聚醚多元醇与异氰酸酯和其他助剂混合制备出性能优良的木质素聚氨酯泡沫材料。研究结果为稻壳基木质素聚氨酯泡沫材的研究提供了可行方案,也使稻壳的回收再利用成为可能。

Application of rice husk lignin in the polyurethane foam

Due to the high-cost and non-renewable materials for producing polyurethane foam, the lignin of rice as raw material, partially substituting phenol, was to synthetize lignin polyurethane foam. Firstly, the lignin was extracted from rice through ethyl alcohol. Then, the lignin was modified by epoxy chloropropane to increase the number of hydroxyl groups. The modified lignin was readily soluble in the polyether polyol, and could replace part of polyether polyol to mix with isocyanate and other additives developing resource-efficient polyurethane foam. This study not only provides the feasible solution of producing lignin polyurethane foam, but also makes effective use of agricultural waste.