基于高压锂电的电动叉车行走动力控制系统研究

随着全球变暖和能源危机等问题日益严重,零排放、低振动、无污染的电动叉车越加受到消费者的青睐,纯电动系统是工程机械发展的必然趋势。尽管电动化技术早已在叉车领域得到广泛的应用和认可,但目前的电动叉车多是基于低压,造成功率元器件、连接器、电缆与电机产生较高热损,同时,电流变化率高,容易产生电蚀现象。对此,提出以高压锂电池作为储能单元的高压锂电电动叉车动力总成方案,根据叉车使用工况制定整车行走控制策略,确定驱动电机控制器使用转矩模式控制叉车行走,并探究基准扭矩与油门踏板开度的关系。利用模糊推理规则,实现对驾驶员油门踏板开度控制的意图识别,使用补偿扭矩快速达到驾驶员操作意图。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件验证了高压锂电电动叉车行走动力总成控制策略的可行性。

Research on Walking Power Control of Electric Forklift Based on High Voltage Lithium Battery

With the increasingly serious problems such as global warming and energy crisis, the electric forklift with zero emission, low vibration and no pollution is more and more favored by consumers. Pure electric system is the inevitable trend of the development of construction machinery. At present, although the electric technology has long been widely used and recognized in the field of forklifts, the current electric forklifts are mostly based on low voltage, with high success rate, high heat loss of components, connectors, cables and motors, and high current change rate, which is easy to produce electric corrosion. In this regard, this paper puts forward the power assembly scheme of high-voltage lithium electric forklift with high-voltage lithium battery as the energy storage unit, formulates the whole vehicle walking control strategy according to the working conditions of forklift, determines the drive motor controller, uses torque mode to control forklift walking, and explores the relationship between reference torque and oil door pedal opening. The fuzzy inference rules are used to realize the intention recognition of the driver's accelerator pedal opening control, and the compensated torque is used to quickly achieve the driver's operation intention. MATLAB/Simulink simulation software is used to verify the feasibility of the walking powertrain control strategy of high-voltage electric forklift.