白酒大曲真菌群落结构多样性研究技术与进展

随着现代分子生物学技术在微生物群落结构多样性研究中的广泛应用，打破了传统微生物培养方法的局限性，提高了对于大曲中真菌群落结构多样性的认识。该文主要综述了研究大曲中真菌群落结构多样性的方法，传统可培养技术以及现代分子生物学技术的各种方法，主要包括磷脂脂肪酸技术（PLFA）、聚合酶链式反应（PCR）-变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）技术、PCR-单链构象多态性（SSCP）技术、基因克隆文库技术、高通量测序（HTS）技术以及组学技术，以及近年来传统可培养技术和现代分子生物学技术手段在大曲中真菌群落结构多样性的应用研究进展，对深入研究大曲发酵过程中真菌多样性构成及变化规律奠定理论基础。

Research technology and progress on fungal community structure diversity of Baijiu Daqu

The pervasive application of modern molecular biology technology in microbial community structure diversity broke the limitations of traditional microbial culture method, so that improved the recognition for fungal community structure diversity of Daqu. In this paper, the research methods of fungal community structure diversity of Daqu were reviewed, including traditional cultivable technology and various modern molecular biology technology, mainly including phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) technology, PCR-singlestrand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technology, gene clone library technology, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology and omics technology. The research progress of the application of traditional cultivable technology and modern molecular biology technology to fungal community structure diversity of Daqu in recent years was reviewed, which laid the foundations for further research on the composition and change rule of fungal diversity during Daqu fermentation.