激光输能光电池温度场数值模拟

温升效应是影响激光输能光电转换效率的重要原因。为了分析温升效应对光电转换效率的影响，采用基于COMSOL Multiphysics多物理场耦合软件和MATLAB软件联合仿真的数值模拟方法，建立了光电池的物理模型和热模型，得到了激光辐照时间、功率密度、光斑面积、入射角以及热辐射和热对流对温度场的影响结果。结果表明，2000W/m2激光功率密度辐照下，光电池温度随辐照时间先快速上升，20s后缓慢增加，100s达到热平衡态后温度稳定在343K；随着激光功率密度增大，电池温升速度越快，达到热平衡态时的温度值越高；激光光斑全部覆盖电池表面时，电池表面温度差值最小；入射角通过影响有效激光辐照功率密度来影响电池温升；热辐射和热对流对降低光电池温度十分有利；当激光入射角为0°、激光功率密度辐照约为2000W/m2、激光光斑面积近似为电池表面面积时，光电池能获得最佳的光电转换效率。可见对光电池温度场进行仿真分析为研究提高激光输能光电转换效率的方法提供了理论参考。

Numerical simulation of photovoltaic cell temperature field of laser power beaming

Temperature effect is an important factor affecting photoelectric efficiency of laser power beaming.To analyze the impact of temperature effect on photoelectric efficiency, physical model and thermal model of photovoltaic cells were established based on numerical simulation combing COMSOL Multiphysics software and MATLAB software.The effects of irradiation time, power density, beam size, incident angle, thermal radiation and heat convection on temperature field were obtained.The results show that under power density of 2000W/m2, photovoltaic cell temperature rises rapidly at the first, increases slowly after 20s and tends to the constant value of 343K after 100s with thermal equilibrium.The greater the power density, the faster the cell temperature, the higher the temperature which reaches thermal equilibrium time.When the cell surface is covered by laser spot completely, the temperature difference on the surface is minimum.The influence of incident angle on temperature rise of cell is affected by the effective laser power density.Heat radiation and heat convection are very favorable for decreasing cell temperature.When laser incident angle is 0°, laser power density is about 2000W/m2, and laser spot area is approximately cell surface area, the photovoltaic cell can obtain the best photoelectric efficiency.The study provides theoretical reference for improving photoelectric efficiency.