万米钻井泥浆泵柱塞密封失效分析及改进

钻井泥浆泵柱塞密封性能的好坏与使用寿命的长短直接影响到高压泥浆泵的工作性能及质量。为了弄清高压钻井泥浆泵柱塞密封圈的失效形式、原因及机理，进一步提高钻井泥浆泵柱塞密封圈的寿命，对万米钻井泥浆泵柱塞密封失效分析。结果表明， 高压钻井泥浆泵柱塞密封主要的失效形式为：扭曲变形、老化、磨损、撕裂与断裂等。主要影响因素是温度过高，散热不好，引起密封圈老化，密封材料丧失性能，其次是钻井液等颗粒的进入，对密封面进行不断的磨损，导致密封圈损坏。建议从密封圈的材料、结构设计、组合数量以及冷却装置等方面进行技术改进来提高高压钻井泥浆泵柱塞密封的性能和使用寿命。

Analysis on sealing failure of myriameter drilling mud pump plunger and improvement measures

The performance and working life of the seals of drilling mud pump plunger will have a direct impact on the working behavior and quality of the high pressure mud pump. In order to clarify the type, the causes and the mechanism of the sealing failure, and the further improve the working life of the seal rings of drilling mud pump plunger, this paper analyzed the seal failure of myriameter drilling mud pump plunger. It turned out that the major failures including the following types, such as torsion deformation, aging, wear, tear and fracture, and the main affecting factor is the extra temperature, the poor heat dissipation, the aged seal rings, and the loss of sealing performance, etc., next is the drilling fluid particles intruded within will cause wear on sealing surfaces and thus damage the seal rings. The following suggestions are made to improve the sealing performance of the high pressure drilling mud pump plunger: a. to optimize the seal ring materials; b. to improve the structural design; c. to ameliorate the seal ring combination and the cooling device.