裂缝三维地质建模的难点与对策

裂缝三维地质建模通常包括裂缝强度建模、离散裂缝网络建模和裂缝属性建模3个主要步骤,在这3个步骤中面临着如何将裂缝信息和成果归一化以及如何三维量化描述裂缝开度和渗透率属性参数等诸多难点.对上述问题进行了初步探讨,并总结出具体的解决方法.首先,利用成像测井或常规测井裂缝解释的数据作为基本数据点,以动态分析及地震检测等资料为约束条件,选用合适的地质统计学方法建立裂缝强度模型；其次,综合利用岩心、测井及动态监测等研究成果,建立离散裂缝网络模型；最后,运用岩心裂缝分析和经验公式相结合的方式获得初步的裂缝属性模型,并根据试井分析等方法获得的裂缝渗透率等参数进行调整,得到最终的裂缝属性模型.运用上述方法结合国际主流的裂缝研究与建模软件,可定量描述裂缝的三维分布,为油藏数值模拟及油藏研究提供更好的支持.

Difficulties and treatments in three-dimensional geological modeling of fractural reservoirs

Three-dimensional quantitative analysis of fracture is not only the comprehensive embodiment of fracture research results,but also the objective need of fractural reservoirs study and numerical reservoir simulation. With the advance of logging recognition,seismic detecting, dynamic monitoring, physical modeling and numerical simulation methods, we can get more valuable materials than before which bring even higher challenges in fracture three-dimensional modeling. Three main steps included in the fracture three-dimensional quantitative analysis, i.e., fracture intensity modeling, DFN modeling and fracture network properties modeling. It is the most important and the most difficult thing that how to unify the fracture information and research results, how to calculate fracture attributes such as aperture and permeability. This paper has proposed the related solutions and discussions, introduced a method which uses imaging or conventional logging data, dynamic analysis results, seismic detecting data and other data to build fracture intensity model, and uses core fracture data in combination with empirical formulas to build fracture properties models. Combining this method with international fracture modeling software, we can quantitatively describe the three-dimensional distribution of fracture and provide solid support for reservoir study and numerical simulation.