龙开口水电站的泄洪消能防冲试验

龙开口水电站泄洪流量大且坝址处主河床狭窄，泄水建筑物布置在主河床，电站置于右岸紧靠泄水建筑物．对于此类工程，消能防冲是主要问题．以水工模型试验为手段，通过多个试验方案，研究了溢流坝和泄洪中孔的消能效果、挑射水流消能后与下游河道水流衔接问题、下游河床及两岸的冲刷情况以及电站尾水出口水面波动情况．经对比分析并综合考虑消能防冲与发电相互影响因素，提出最优枢纽布置方案和泄水建筑物结构型式，另外也为岸坡防护提供了一定的依据．研究成果对大流量窄河床条件下的重力坝泄洪消能工程设计和同类型模型试验具有一定的借鉴意义．

Experiment of energy dissipation and scour protection below flood-releasing works of Longkaikou Hydropower Station

Longkaikou Hydropower Station has a large flood discharge; and its dam is located at a narrow valley. The discharge structure is arranged in the main river bed with the hydropower station next to it. Energy dissipation and scour protection are the main problems for this kind of project. The paper has done some researches on energy dissipation effect of overflow slab and mid-discharge-orifice, the linkage between the water flow after its energy dissipation and the downstream water, the erosion of down stream river bed and bank and the water flow of fluctuation of station tailwater by using hydraulic model test through many experimental schemes. The paper has rendered the optimal layout scheme and the outlet structure types through comparing the interaction between energy dissipation and power generation so as to offer references for bank protection. The study has some effects on designing project that has characteristic of large discharge and narrow river valley in other model experiments.