小豆种质资源总黄酮含量测定及相关分析

小豆黄酮类化合物含量较高,类黄酮具有保健功能和药用价值。本研究选取279份栽培小豆、野生和半野生小豆种质资源材料,采用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮含量,并对总黄酮含量与农艺性状进行相关分析。结果表明小豆总黄酮含量的变异范围为1.12~5.97mg RE/g,育成小豆品种总黄酮平均含量2.95mg RE/g、变异系数为25.76%；地方品种总黄酮平均含量3.31mg RE/g、变异系数为26.89%；半野生小豆总黄酮平均含量为3.55mg RE/g、变异系数为15.77%；野生小豆总黄酮平均含量为4.06 mg RE/g、变异系数为18.23%。野生小豆总黄酮平均含量高于栽培小豆,小豆总黄酮含量与现花期、盛花期、第一荚成熟、100%成熟呈极显著正相关,与籽粒亮度值L呈显著正相关,与百粒重、种子面积、红度值a呈极显著负相关；与地理经度和纬度分别呈极显著和显著负相关,总黄酮含量随着经纬度升高而降低,随着海拔降低而降低。研究为高类黄酮小豆种质资源挖掘利用和育种改良提供了有效依据。

Assay of Total Flavonoids Content and Correlation Analysis in Adzuki Bean Germplasm

Adzuki beans contain flavonoids, which have health function and medicinal value. In this research, 279 accessions of cultivated adzuki bean, semi-wild and wild s adzuki bean were selected for analysis of the total flavonoids content by UV spectrophotometry, and correlation analysis between total flavonoids content and some agronomic traits. The results showed that the variation range of total flavonoids content of adzuki bean was from 1.12 to 5.97mg RE/g, the average contents of total flavonoids in improved varieties, landrace, weedy, and wild adzuki bean were 2.95mg RE/g, 3.31mg RE/g, 3.55mg RE/g, and 4.06 mg RE/g, respectively. The variation coefficients of improved varieties, landrace, weedy, and wild adzuki bean were 25.76%. 26.89%,15.77%, and 18.23%, respectively. Average content of total flavonoids in wild adzuki bean was higher than that in cultivated adzuki bean. Total flavonoid content was very significantly positive correlation with first flowering days, 50% flowering days,maturity days of first pod, and maturity days of 100%pod. Total flavonoid content was very significantly positive- correlation with seed brightness value L. 100-seed weight, seed area, and redness value were significantly negative correlation with total flavonoid content. The negative correlation between total flavonoid content and geographical longitude and latitude were highly significant and significant, respectively. The total flavonoid content decreases with the increase of latitude and longitude, and decreases with the decrease of altitude. This study will lay a good foundation for germplasm mining and utilization, improvement in adzuki bean.