| 美国洪水保险计划发展及其经验分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李俊奇,杨擎柱,FANG Xing,王文亮,徐享.美国洪水保险计划发展及其经验分析[J].中国给水排水,2019(6):33-40. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李俊奇 杨擎柱 FANG Xing 王文亮 徐享 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京未来城市设计高精尖创新中心;北京建筑大学国家级水环境实验教学示范中心;北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室;Department |
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| 基金项目： | 北京市未来城市设计高精尖创新中心资助项目(UDC2016040100);北京市社会科学基金重点资助项目(14CSA001) |
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| 摘 要： | 1927年密西西比河大洪水促使美国联邦政府成为防洪工作中的主要参与者,并于1968年建立国家洪水保险计划。美国国家洪水保险计划的实践过程是不断发现问题并逐步解决问题的过程,经过近20年的完善,于1986年实现自负盈亏。美国国家洪水保险制度的成功离不开一系列法律法规的支持。重点介绍了美国洪水保险的特点以及洪泛区管理手段,分析其发展过程碰到的问题及解决思路和方法,为搭建适合我国国情的洪水保险制度提供经验。
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| 关 键 词： | 洪泛区管理 洪水保险 洪水风险图 城市雨水 |
Analysis of the Development and Experience of National Flood Insurance Program in America |
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| LI Jun-qi,YANG Qing-zhu,FANG Xing,WANG Wen-liang,XU Xiang.Analysis of the Development and Experience of National Flood Insurance Program in America[J].China Water & Wastewater,2019(6):33-40. |
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| Authors: | LI Jun-qi YANG Qing-zhu FANG Xing WANG Wen-liang XU Xiang |
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| Affiliation: | (Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing 100044 ,China;WaterEnvironment Experimental Teaching Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044 , China;Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment < Ministryof Education > , Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China;Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, USA) |
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| Abstract: | The great Mississippi River flood in 1927 prompted the U. S. federal goveniment to become a major player in flood control. In 1968 , the United States Congress passed the 44 National Flood Insurance Program". Then, the development of "National Flood Insurance Program( NFIP)' in the U. S. is a process of solving problems. After nearly 20 years of improvement, the program had realized selfsupporting since 1986. The success of the U. S. NFIP could not be achieved without the support of a series of laws and regulations. This article focused on the characteristics of NFIP and the floodplain management methods, analyzed the problems encountered in the development process, to provide experience and useful infbnnalion for setting up a flood insurance system suitable for the national conditions of our country. |
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| Keywords: | floodplain management flood insurance flood insura nee rate map urban sronnwater |
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