基于多时相遥感数据的矿区地表植被与土壤变化监测

基于多时相的Landsat遥感数据,以陕西省榆林市大柳塔矿区为例,通过图像处理得到地面归一化植被指数(NDVI)和土壤指数两个研究要素,结合矿区采掘工作面,提取了采区和非采区样本点的时序数据,使用单一变量法对比分析其时序变化情况,并对研究区域的植被和土壤未来变化趋势作了预测。结果表明:矿井工作面采掘活动破坏了地面植被和土壤的稳定性,降低了其对环境影响的抵抗和恢复能力,矿区植被覆盖度逐年增加,但是土壤受侵蚀情况严重;在未来几年内,大柳塔矿区的植被覆盖度会持续增加,土壤较容易受到侵蚀,特别注意地面采矿活动区域和受扰动影响区域的土壤保护,改善土壤退化现状。

Change Monitoring of Vegetation and Soil Based on Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Data in Mining Area

Based on multi-temporal Landsat data,the paper took the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) and the Soil Index as the research elements.Taking Daliuta mining region in Yulin City,Shanxi Province as the example, the paper extracted a series of experimental data to analysis the changes,which situated at the mining area and outside it. Then,the changing trend of vegetation and soil in this region was predicted using a single variable timing analysis meth-od.Results show that the resistance and the resume capability of the vegetable and soil in the mining area surface were af-fected compared with the surface out of the mining area.Although the vegetation coverage increased,the soil index de-creased seriously.In the next few years,the vegetation coverage in Daliuta mining region continues to increase,while the soil is vulnerable to be eroded.So,special attention needs to be paid to protect the soil from being eroded in the mining disturbance area to reduce the extent of soil degradation.