基于双蓄电池组的微电网两阶段调度优化模型及控制策略

针对微电网应用中储能寿命损耗成本过高的瓶颈问题,提出了基JP2]于双蓄电池组的日前日内两阶段协调调度模型与控制策略。在日前阶段,综合考虑日前预测数据、储能装置寿命及市场电价,建立了以微电网运行总成本最低为目标的经济调度模型,并利用随机权重粒子群优化算法求解该模型。在日内阶段,为应对间歇性分布式电源预测误差引起的联络线功率波动,构建了基于双蓄电池组拓扑结构的储能系统,根据蓄电池特性设计了实时控制策略,即两组蓄电池分别作为放电组、充电组,交替补偿联络线功率的正、负偏差,当任一组蓄电池达到其荷电状态的上、下限,则同时交换两组蓄电池的充、放电状态。最后,以某园区的示范微电网作为分析对象,通过实际算例验证了日前优化模型及算法的有效性,并证明了基于双蓄电池组的日内实时控制策略能有效延长蓄电池循环寿命,提高系统的经济性。

A Two-stage Scheduling Optimization Model and Control Strategy for Microgrid with Double Battery Group

In order to solve the bottleneck problem of high life loss cost of energy storage in microgrid, a day-ahead and intra-day two-stage coordinated scheduling model and control strategy based on double battery group are proposed. In the process of day-ahead scheduling, an economic dispatch model with the minimum total cost of microgrid operation is built, which considers daily forecast data, life of energy storage and market price, and a random weight particle swarm optimization method is used to calculate the function. In the process of intra-day scheduling, an energy storage system based on the topology of double battery group is built to smooth tie-line power fluctuation caused by the forecast errors of intermittent distributed generation. A real-time control strategy is designed based on the battery characteristics, in which two battery groups are used as a discharging group and a charging group respectively to compensate positive and negative errors of tie-line power. If any battery group arrive its upper or lower limit of state of charge, the two battery groups should switch their dis-charging/charging status simultaneously. Finally, taking a demonstration project of microgrid in a park as an example, the experimental results verify the effectiveness of the day-ahead model and algorithm, and also prove that the control strategy proposed in this paper can effectively prolong the cycle life of battery and improve systematic economy.