河流连通性及其对生态水文过程影响研究进展

为研究流域水资源开发利用对生态系统和水资源承载力的影响,梳理了河流连通性的内涵、分类及评价方法,并着重探讨了河流的纵向连通性,从水质、水量和生物3个方面剖析人工构筑物对水生态系统的影响机理。认为河流连通性是一个具有4维尺度的概念,即1个时间维度、3个空间维度,影响生态水文过程及群落结构的抵抗力与生态系统整体的稳定性,对其评价应该考虑时空变异性。指出后续的研究方向为:从指示物种层面进一步明晰河流连通性程度与生态水文过程的交互影响机理;统一河流连通性程度定量化评价方法和标准,增加不同河流、同一河流不同时期之间的可比性,为面向水资源承载力提升的河流可持续开发与保护提供理论基础。

Review of research on river connectivity and its impact on eco-hydrological process

To study the influence of water resources development on ecosystem and water resources carrying capacity, the connotation, classification and evaluation methods of river connectivity are summarized, and the vertical connectivity of river is discussed in detail. From the aspects of water quality, water quantity and organism, the influence mechanism of the barrier building on the water ecosystem is analyzed. As a four-dimensional concept, that is, a time dimension and three spatial dimensions, the river connectivity affects the eco-hydrological processes, the resistance of community and the stability of the ecosystem, thus the connectivity evaluation should take into account the spatial and temporal variability. Based on analyses of current research progress, the future research directions are pointed out as follows: to further clarify the interaction between river connectivity and eco-hydrological processes from the indicated species level, to unify quantitative assessment methods and standards of the river connectivity degree to increase the comparability among different rivers or different periods for the same river, so as to provide a theoretical basis for sustainable development and protection of rivers aiming at improving the carrying capacity of water resources.