沿海地区管道漏油分布模拟及试验验证

某沿海埋地输油管道发生大量漏油事故,为准确定位漏油在地下的分布范围,基于多孔介质中的多相流理论研究该沿海输油管道在地下的泄漏扩散分布特点。通过构建沿海埋地输油管道的泄漏物理模型,对地下漏油的渗流扩散开展计算流体动力学(CFD)仿真模拟。泄漏发生后,漏油在管道输送压力驱动下会驱替周围的水分,形成一个水包油的地下漏油区;泄漏停止后,地下漏油以水包油的形式较稳定地分布在地下区域。结合1 200 t的漏油总量可获得本次泄漏半径约为83 m,通过对泄漏点附近区域钻孔工程试验验证,钻孔测量漏油的分布范围结果与仿真结果吻合较好。模拟获得的漏油分布规律可为沿海埋地输油管道的应急抢险提供理论支持。

Simulations and Test Verification of Pipeline Leakage Oil Distribution in Coastal Areas

A large number of oil leakage accidents have occurred in a coastal buried oil pipeline. In order to accurately locate the distribution range of oil leakage in the underground, the characteristics of the underground leakage distribution in the coastal oil pipeline are studied based on the multi-phase flow theory in porous media. Through constructing a leakage physical model of coastal buried oil pipeline, a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulation is carried out for the seepage and diffusion of underground oil leakage. After the leakage occurs, the oil leakage will displace the surrounding water under the pressure drive of pipeline transmission, forming an underground oil leakage zone with oil in water. After the leakage stops, the underground oil leakage is distributed in the underground area with the form of oil in water. Combined with the total amount of oil leakage of 1200 t,it is known that the leakage radius is about 83 m. The borehole engineering test near the leakage point verifies that the distribution range of oil leakage measured by the borehole is in good agreement with the simulation results.The distribution law of oil leakage obtained by simulation can provide theoretical support for the emergency rescue of coastal buried oil pipelines.