含氮硼蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚水溶液的摩擦学特性

聚醚水溶液是水基润滑液的重要研究方向之一。为改善水的摩擦学性能，选取蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚系列中的EL-60(Cremophor EL-60)和三乙醇胺硼酸酯(Boric acid triethanolamine, BN)作为添加剂，并对相关溶液进行对比分析研究，同时对两种物质对水溶液摩擦学特性的影响进行了一定论述。EL-60是一种性能良好的表面活性剂，能够充分吸附在金属表面，形成牢固的润滑分子层；BN具有良好的极压性能和防锈性能。配置EL-60水溶液及两种物质混合质量比为1:1的BN-EL-60水溶液，利用MRS-10A型四球试验机对EL-60水溶液以及BN-EL-60水溶液进行减摩抗磨性能试验与极压性能试验、防锈特性研究等。结果表明BN-EL-60溶液在高负荷情况下具有一定性能优势，而低负荷情况EL-60单质溶液则相对优秀；较低浓度的溶液就已经具备较好的减摩抗磨综合性能；加入BN之后溶液的摩擦因数随时间的变化波动增大，溶液摩擦学性能稳定性相对变差；另外，BN的引入能够大大提升溶液的极压性能和防锈性能。BN与EL-60的协同效应并非是单纯协同增效，其性能是随工作负荷的变化而改变的，总体而言，EL-60与BN-EL-60是一类具有良好应用前景的水溶液润滑添加剂。

Tribological Properties of Cremophor EL Aqueous Solutions Containing Nitrogen and Boron

Polyether aqueous solution is one of the important research in water-based lubricant. Cremophor EL-60 is an excellent surfactant, it can fully adsorb on the metal surface, and forming firm lubricant molecular layer. Boric acid triethanolamine (BN) has excellent extreme pressure properties and anti-rust properties. Mixing the two additives in mass ratio of 1:1, there is the BN-EL-60 water-based lubricant. Anti-friction and anti-wear performances of EL-60 aqueous solutions and BN-EL-60 aqueous solutions is studied by MRS-10 four ball tester, so as to the performances of extreme pressure, anti-rust, etc. It is showed that the BN-EL-60 aqueous solutions have a better performances at high load and high rotating speed, and at normal conditions EL-60 aqueous solutions are better. The two series have a good anti-friction and anti-wear performances at low concentration; after bringing BN into the solutions the friction coefficient fluctuation becomes unstable, but it can also obviously improve the extreme pressure performances and anti-rust performances. The synergistic behavior of BN and EL-60 additives are not simply, its characteristics are changing with the working conditions. Overall, EL-60 and BN-EL-60 additives are kinds of water-soluble additives with good application prospects.