Development of novel Ag/bauxite nanocomposite as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran;2. Membrane Research Laboratory, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, P.O. Box 68137-17133, Iran;3. Department of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran;1. Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, M.O.E, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;2. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;1. Center of Operations Research, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Avd. de la Universidad s/n, 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain;2. Industrial Electronics Group, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Avd. de la Universidad s/n, 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain;1. Universidade Federal do ABC, UFABC, Santo André, Brazil;2. Universidade Federal da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Ag/bauxite nanocomposites have been prepared using in situ reduction of aqueous AgNO3 solution in a bauxite matrix and investigated for the transesterification of sunflower oil with methanol in order to study their potential as heterogeneous catalysts. The prepared nanocopmosites were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, and TG- DTA. The Central Composite Design of the Response Surface Methodology was used to optimize the effect of reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst loading and methanol to oil molar ratio on the yield of fatty acid methyl esters. The highest yield was obtained at 67 °C reaction temperature, 3 h reaction time, 0.3 wt.% catalyst loading and 9:1 methanol to oil molar ratio. Under the optimal conditions, the methyl ester content was 94% and the catalyst successfully reused for at least 7 cycles without significant deactivation. |
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| Keywords: | Bauxite Ag nanostructures Nanocomposite Transesterification Biodiesel BET" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0040" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Brunauer–Emmett–Teller CCD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0050" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" central composite design DTA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0060" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" differential thermal analysis EDX" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0070" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy FAME" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0080" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" fatty acid methyl esters FID" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0090" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" flame ionization detector FT-IR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0100" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" fourier transform infrared spectroscopy RSM" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0110" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" response surface methodology SEM" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0120" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" scanning electron microscope TGA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0130" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" thermogravimetric analysis XRD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0140" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" X-ray diffraction |
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