固定化酶球形高分子载体的设计与应用

高分子微球具有一定的化学和机械稳定性,能抵抗微生物和酸碱的作用,是优良的固定化酶载体材料。针对制备高活性、高稳定性固定化酶对载体材料的性能要求,评述了高分子微球的组成和功能性基团的可设计性、粒径与形态可控性、多孔和大比表面积等结构性质,概括了载体结构性质对固定化酶催化活性的影响规律,提出了对不同性质的生物酶"量体裁衣",设计制备特效的载体材料是高分子微球固定化酶研究的发展趋势。同时介绍了固定化青霉素酰化酶和固定化脂肪酶在工业催化领域的应用。

Design and Application of Microspherical Polymer for Enzyme Immobilization

Polymer microspheres are stable both chemically and mechanically,whose stabilities are even unaffected by microorganism,acid and base.So they are excellent materials for enzyme immobilization.The designable advantages of the polymer microspheres as the desired support for preparing the immobilized enzyme with high activity and stability,such as regulable composition and functional groups,controllable microsphere size and morphology,structural porosity and high specific surface area,were reviewed.The relation between the structures of the supports and the catalytic activity of immobilized enzyme was summarized.Design of "tailor-made" and effective supports according to the characteristics of enzymes is the development trend in the enzyme immobilization on polymer microsphere in the future.The main applications of immobilized penicillin G acylase and lipase in industrial catalysis were introduced as well.