1-乙酸乙酯基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体用作润滑剂的探讨

合成了含羧酸酯基官能团的功能化离子液体--1-乙酸乙酯基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐(EAMIM]BF4)，考察了其物化性质、高低温下的摩擦学性能以及对传统润滑油添加剂的相溶性和感受性，并选择含有相同烷基的1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐传统离子液体(BMIM]BF4)作为对比。结果表明：两种离子液体具有较好的低温流动性、低的蒸发损失和高的热稳定性；能溶解部分具有强极性和杂环化合物的传统润滑油添加剂，但不能溶解大多数常用的油溶性添加剂，EAMIM]BF4对添加剂的溶解性比BMIM]BF4弱；在室温及高温条件下，EAMIM]BF4由于粘度较大减摩性稍差，但抗磨性比BMIM]BF4强；极压抗磨剂亚磷酸二正丁酯能提高BMIM]BF4的抗磨作用，但与EAMIM]BF4呈现出对抗效应，导致其润滑性能降低。

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE FEASIBILITY OF USING 1-ETHOXYCARBONYLMETHYL-3-METHYL IMIDAZOLIUM TETRAFLUOROBORATE IONIC LIQUID AS LUBRICANT

A new kind of ester-group functionalized ionic liquid,1-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate(BF4),were synthesized.Its physicochemical properties,tribological behavior(at room temperature and 100 ℃),compatibility and susceptibility to some conventional lube additives were studied and compared with a conventional ionic liquid,1-butyl-3-methy imidazolium tetrafluoroborate(BF4),which had the same alkyl as the functionalized one.It was found that both ionic liquids had good low-temperature fluidity,low evaporation loss and high thermal stability.Their solubility with most commonly oil-soluble lube additives was poor,except with some having strong polar compounds or with heterocyclic structures,and between these two,BF4 was better.The friction reducing performance of BF4 was less significant than that of BF4 due to its high viscosity,yet its antiwear ability was better than that of BF4 at both room temperature and 100 ℃.The addition of antiwear additive di-n-butylphosphite could improve the antiwear performance of BF4,however,negative effect was observed with BF4.