Optimal operation conditions for bio-hydrogen production from duckweed

Hydrogen gas is an ideal alternative fuel and produces no greenhouse gases. The dark fermentation is considered the most attractive for production of biohydrogen gas. Duckweed is an aquatic plant that has treatment properties and can be used as biomass for the fermentation to produce eventually bio-hydrogen production. This study investigated the impact of different temperature, pH, and substrate concentration on bio-hydrogen production by fermentation. Experimental tests were run flask studies in serum bottles by aim of determing the optimal operating conditions to maximize bio-hydrogen production. According to the results, concentration loading in the range 30–40 g DW/L was determined as suitable for efficient bio-hydrogen production. Different temperatures on bio-hydrogen production were compared, and 35°C was observed to be more effective than others. Moreover, pH 5.5 was determined as the optimal pH value.