高速公路改扩建期交通应急管理研究进展

安全预警、应急管理与紧急救援是交通应急管理体系的重要内容,为了解高速公路改扩建期交通应急管理的研究进展,在分析高速公路改扩建期交通安全管理特点的基础上,从交通安全预警、应急管理与紧急救援三方面总结了高速公路改扩建期交通应急管理国内外的研究成果,评述了存在的不足,阐述了今后的研究与发展方向.分析认为:国内外现有的预警理论与体系主要面向处于正常运营阶段的高速公路,缺乏针对改扩建期的,难以适合高速公路改扩建期"边通行、边施工"的作业方式,且国内没有完善的交通安全预警系统,缺乏成功的实际案例;应急管理方面,欧美等发达国家形成了较完善的交通应急管理系统,而我国缺乏系统可靠的交通应急管理理论和方法,高速公路交通应急管理在组织架构、运行机制、资源保障等方面与发达国家相比还存在明显不足;紧急救援方面,发达国家形成了比较完善的交通事故紧急救援体系,而我国在救援体系建立、救援技术创新、管理软件开发、服务能力评价等方面有待进一步研究.

Research progress of traffic emergency management during expressway reconstruction

Traffic emergency management system contains major contents of safety early-warning,emergency management and emergency rescue.To understand the research progress of traffic emergency management during expressway reconstruction,based on the analysis of its characteristics,we summarized the domestic and foreign research results of traffic emergency management during expressway reconstruction from three aspects,including traffic safety early warning,emergency management and emergency rescue.And the deficiencies of research on traffic emergency management during expressway reconstruction were reviewed,the direction of future research and development indicated.Conclusions are as follows：still now,domestic and foreign early-warning theory and system are mainly aiming at normal operation highway,limited for those under reconstruction with the way of half traffic and half construction,there is no a thorough early-warning system in transportation security yet,lacking a successfully practical case;as to emergency management,developed countries in Europe had established a thorough traffic emergency management system,while China lacks a systematic,reliable theory and method of traffic emergency management,which is insufficient at organization establishment,operational mechanism,and resource security,and etc.compared with those of developed countries;in the aspect of emergency rescue,unlike developed countries,which had shaped a comparatively mature emergency rescue system in traffic accidents,China still needs a further research on emergency rescue system establishment,rescue technology innovation,management software exploration,service ability assessment,and etc.