热防护服装测评用传感器的发展及其研究现状

为揭示热传感器的测评规律和当前相关研究的不足,通过对热传感器相关研究及历史文献的梳理和对比,分析归纳了热传感器的类别,各类热传感器的结构特征、信息采集方法、传热模拟模型、应用场景及测评特点。研究表明:铜片式传感器测试稳定性好,但其热学性能与人体皮肤有一定差异,存在低估烧伤发生的风险;皮肤模拟传感器可更为真实地模拟人体皮肤受热的热响应状态,但其应用范围受限。根据研究的发展现状可以预测,铜片式传感器的功能应用将集中在标准化测试中,皮肤模拟传感器还需要更多的技术完善,新型传感器可考虑将模拟范围扩大到皮肤内部的热性能模拟上。

Development and current state of thermal sensors used for testing thermal protective clothing

In order to summarize the evaluation principles of the thermal sensors and to identify research gaps in this area, this paper reviewed and analyzed the construction structures, data collection methods, heat transfer models, application areas and test quality of different thermal sensors. It is understood that the copper sensors have a better test stability, while its thermal properties are too different from the human skin, which may result in an underestimation of the potential skin burn injury. Skin simulants, on the other hand, are found to be able to better simulate the thermal reaction of the human skin, but with limited applications. It is reasonable to believe that the copper sensors will be mainly used for the standard test methods in future development, and the skin simulants would need further technical improvement. It may take more considerations on the simulation of the heat transfer inside human skin for the development of the new thermal sensors.