苎麻纤维厌氧生物脱胶系统工艺性能研究

为解决苎麻纤维传统脱胶法效率低、费用高及二次污染等难题,以自主研发的高效苎麻纤维厌氧生物脱胶装置为载体,开发了一种高效苎麻纤维厌氧生物脱胶系统。基于苎麻原麻化学成分分析,开展了苎麻纤维厌氧生物脱胶工艺的启动特征、稳定运行特征和脱胶后苎麻纤维物理特征研究。结果表明:苎麻原麻中纤维素约占70%,胶质约占30%,脱胶过程中应重点去除半纤维素和木质素;该系统可在水力停留时间为72 h内实现快速启动,高效稳定运行时pH值为7.0左右,化学需氧量和氨氮质量浓度均处于低位;该系统在最佳浴比为1∶8时的苎麻物理特征最优,苎麻具有较好的外观形态和良好的力学性能,胶质残留最少。

Study on process performance of ramie fiber anaerobic biological degumming system

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency, high cost and secondary pollution in traditional degumming of ramie fiber, a high efficiency ramie fiber anaerobic degumming system was developed using a self-developed high efficiency ramie fiber anaerobic degumming device as the carrier. Based on chemical composition analysis of the raw ramie, the characteristics of the start-up and stable operation stages of ramie fiber anaerobic biological degumming process were studied, and the physical characteristics of the degummed ramie fiber were analyzed. It was found that cellulose and gelatine account for about 70% and 30% respectively in the raw ramie, and that the hemicellulose and lignin should be removed firstly in the degumming process. The system can start up rapidly within 72 hours of hydraulic retention time, and when it runs efficiently and stably, the pH is about 7.0, and chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen concentration are both at low levels. The ramie fiber has the best physical characteristics when the optimal water bath ratio is 1∶8, under which the ramie fiber has good appearance and mechanical properties, and the residue of gelatine is minimal.