生物絮凝剂在处理洗煤废水中的应用

通过对白腐真菌的生物学培养特性研究，获得最佳培养条件：在转速160r／min、温度30℃、稻壳浸出液90mL、葡萄糖质量浓度35g／L、pH3．5的条件下，生长势最好；分析了煤水中煤泥颗粒组成，发现其粒度小于0．045mm的含量占55．93％，而大于0．25mm的含量仅占3．75％，说明煤泥水中细粒含量较多，靠自身重力难以沉降；探讨了pH、生物絮凝剂用量、搅拌方式和金属离子等单因素对煤泥水絮凝效果的影响，通过正交试验进一步优化了该菌所产絮凝剂对煤泥水絮凝效果的条件．结果表明当煤泥水质量浓度27．42g／L、助凝剂（CaCl2）质量浓度5．0g／L、二段式搅拌、pH11和絮凝剂体积浓度15mL／L时，其絮凝活性最佳，可达98．71％；进一步实验表明，絮凝活性物质绝大部分存在于细胞外，是微生物在发酵过程中菌体细胞产生的胞外分泌物．

The Optimization of the Conditions in Processing Slime Water of High Concentration and Fine Grain with Bio-flocculant

Through the analysis of the biological culturing characteristics of white-rot fungus, the optimum culturing conditions are obtained as follows： Under conditions of 160 r/min of rotational speed, 30 ℃ of temperature, 90 mL of rice husk Lixivium, 35 g/L of glucose mass concentration, 3.5 of pH value, the fresh growing trend is best. The slime water granulometric composition is also analyzed, the results of which indicate that those whose granularity is smaller than 0. 045 mm account for 55.93% of the total amount, and that those bigger than 0.25 mm occupy 3.75%. With most part of the amount as fine grain, subsidence by gravity seems impossible. This paper further analyzes the effect of single factors such as pH value, amount of biological flocculant to be used, stirring method, and metallic ion on the flocculation of slime water. And through orthogonal experiment, the conditions for the flocculation of slime water by flocculant produced by this fungus are further optimized. The results show that the optimum flocculation activeness is achieved as high as 98.71% under the following conditions： slime water concentration 27.42 g/L; coagulant acid （CaCl2） concentration 5.0 g/L; two stages of stirring （first stage： stirring speed 60 r/ min, stirring time 180s; second stage： mixing speed 180 r/min, stirring time 60 s）; pH value 11; and flocculant concentration 15 mL/L. Further tests indicate that, the flocculation active materials for the most part exist outside the cells, and they are the extracellular secretion which the mycelium cell produces in the fermentative process.