含能增塑剂的研究现状及发展

从含能增塑剂的能量基团种类出发，综述含能增塑剂的合成和应用研究现状，认为含能增塑剂在含能材料配方中起着重要作用，不仅能改进力学性能，而且可以提高安全特性。硝酸酯含能增塑剂是一种极易受摩擦和撞击引爆的敏感炸药，且大多数危险等级为1．1，而新兴的叠氮类、偕二硝基类及硝胺类含能化合物或齐聚物性能优异，是含能增塑剂的主要研究对象。同时分析了国内含能增塑剂研究在合成技术、数量品种及应用等方面存在的差距，建议国内应加强多种类型新含能增塑剂的合成及应用研究。

A Review of Recent Advances of Energetic Plasticizers

The current situation about the synthesis and application of energetic plasticisers based on the kinds of energetic group is summarized.The primary role of energetic plasticisers in energetic material formulation is considered to modify the mechanical properties of charge to improve safety characteristics.The nitrate ester plasticisers is a sensitive explosive easily initiated by fricition and impact.The value of HD for most of the energetic nitrate esters is 1.1.The novel energetic compounds or oligomeric containing azido geminal dinitro and nitramine group with excellent properties are considered as primary research subject of energetic plasticisers.The shortcoming in the synthesis technology,variety and application of energetic plasticizer in domestics is analysed.The suggestions in the synthesis and application of novel energetic plasticizers are presented.