构型陶瓷/钢铁耐磨复合材料研究进展

近年来,陶瓷颗粒非均匀分布增强钢铁基复合材料(构型复合材料)由于具有优异的耐磨性,成为国内外高性能耐磨材料研究和应用的热点.对构型复合材料耐磨性的研究进行了综述,认为在无冲击磨料磨损工况下,构型复合材料的耐磨性显著高于常规陶瓷颗粒均匀分布增强复合材料,其耐磨性顺序按照基体排列为:高铬铸铁基>合金钢基>高锰钢基复合材料;陶瓷/钢铁界面结合强,则复合材料耐磨性高;按照陶瓷颗粒排序是:WC>(TiC,ZTA)>Al2O3增强复合材料;ZTA中ZrO2含量高,则耐磨性好.在高冲击磨料磨损工况下,构型复合材料耐磨性远不如无冲击工况下的耐磨性,有的甚至比基体差;合金钢基复合材料耐磨性比高锰钢基稍高.综述了不同工况下构型复合材料的磨损机理,并提出了构型陶瓷/钢铁复合材料的研究方向.

Research Progress of Wear Performance of Ceramic Particulates Reinforced Iron Matrix Architecture Composites

In recent years, architecture composites of ceramic particulates reinforced iron matrix become the hotspot of researches and applications of wear resistant materials due to the superior wear performance. The paper reviews and analyzes the wear performance of the architecture composites according to the literatures. The results indicate that, under abrasive wear conditions without impact, the wear resistance of the architecture composites ranks with different matrices as fallow:high chromium cast iron (HCCI) based is higher than alloyed steel based, further higher than high manganese steel (HMS) based composites; it ranks with different ceramics as fallow:WC reinforced is higher than TiC and ZTA, further higher than Al2O3 reinforced composite; the high content of ZrO2 in ZTA is beneficial. Under abrasive wear conditions with high impact, the wear resistance of the architecture composites is much less than that without impact, even worse than the matrices; alloyed steel based is higher in wear resistance than HMS based composites. The wear mechanisms of the architecture composites are reviewed. And proposals on the research directions of the composites as wear resistant materials are also provided.