萃取方法提取火灾现场助燃剂过程中表面张力影响研究

液-液萃取是一种有效的分离、富集和检测火灾现场的助燃剂的方法。在液-液萃取过程中，界面张力是影响萃取能力的重要因素。界面张力越大，萃取能力越低。以分离富集锌元素为例研究界面张力对萃取能力的影响，为萃取法分析助燃剂提供理论参考。实验选取常用的胺类萃取剂（伯胺N1923）和膦酸类萃取剂——二(2, 4, 4-三甲基戊基)次膦酸（Cyanex272）、二烷基一硫代膦酸（Cyanex302）、二烷基二硫代膦酸酸（Cyanex301），测量其从盐酸（HCl）介质中萃取锌离子（ZnCl2）的界面张力，研究不同液-液体系的界面性质，对实验结果进行了分析和讨论。

Study on the Influence of Surface Tension in the Process of Extracting Combustion Promoter from Fire Scene by Extraction Method

Liquid-liquid extraction is an effective method for separation, enrichment and detection of combustion promoters at the fire scene. In the liquid-liquid extraction process, the interfacial tension is an important factor affecting the extraction ability. The higher the interfacial tension, the lower the extraction ability. To provide a theoretical reference for the analysis of combustion promoters by extraction method, the effect of interfacial tension on the extraction ability of zinc was studied in this paper. The commonly used amine extractants (primary amine N1923) as well as the phosphonic acid extractants, di (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-phosphinic acid (Cyanex272), dialkyl-dithiophosphonic acid (Cyanex302), and dialkyl-dithiophosphonic acid (Cyanex301) were selected in this study. The interfacial tension of zinc ions (ZnCl2) extracted from hydrochloric acid (HCl) was measured, and the interfacial properties of different liquid-liquid systems were studied. The experimental results were analyzed and discussed.