特低渗透油藏驱替及开采特征的影响因素

应用非达西渗流理论和非线性弹性渗流理论，分析了影响特低渗透油藏驱替及开采特征的主要因素。研究结果表明，启动压力梯度和毛细管压力是影响特低渗透油藏驱替特征的主要因素；而影响特低渗透油藏开采特征的主要因素是储层的弹塑性，即储层的压力敏感性。在特低渗透油藏的开发中应适当缩小注采井距提高驱替压力梯度，采取整体压裂措施减小启动压力梯度，通过气驱或活性水驱油减小毛细管压力，及时补充地层能量以减少压力敏感性对储层的伤害。

Influencing factors of displacement and development characteristics in ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs

Main influencing factors of displacement and development characteristics in ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs are analyzed using theories of non-Darcy percolation and nonlinear elastic percolation. The results indicate that the chief influencing factors of displacement characteristics are start-up pressure gradient and capillary pressure,and the main influencing factor of the development characteristics is the elasticity-plasticity. And based on analyzing the influencing infect of chief factors, presented a series corresponding measures that is pressure sensitivity of reservoirs. In the development of the ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs, shortening injector producer distance may raise displacement pressure gradient and adopting integral fracturing may reduce the start-up pressure gradient. Gas drive and active water drive may decrease the action of capillar-y pressure,and supplying the formation energy may reduce the damage of pressure sensitivity to the reservoirs as well as.