薄壁盘类零件超声振动车削实验研究

薄壁盘是典型的弱刚度轻量化零件,其壁厚很薄(最薄处仅0.3 mm),型面面积较大,故刚性较差。在切削过程中,切削力导致的型面变形是薄壁盘类零件加工的主要难题,传统加工方法很难得到高精度和高质量的产品。利用超声振动切削技术尝试进行弱刚度薄壁盘加工,在自行搭建的实验平台上对超声振动车削和普通车削加工薄壁盘进行对比实验。结果表明:与普通车削相比,超声振动车削可显著减小切削力和切削变形,大幅提高加工质量,同时具有断屑特性,是加工薄壁盘类零件的有效方法。

Experiment Study on the Ultrasonic Vibration Turning of Thin-wall Plate Parts

Thin-wall plates are the typical weak stiffness lightweight parts which have the thin wall (only 0.3 mm in most thin) and large surface area result in the weakstiffness. During the cutting process,the surface deformation caused by the cutting force is the core problem. Therefore,it′s hard to obtain high accuracy and quality through the traditional machining methods. The ultrasonic vibration turning method to machine the weak stiffness thin-wall plates was proposed. On the self-built up experiment platform,ultrasonic vibration turning and ordinary turning experiments on the thin-wall plates were carried out. The results showed that ultrasonic vibration turning can effectively decrease the cutting force and cutting deformation as well as enhance the machining quality significantly compared with the ordinary turning, meanwhile,ultrasonic vibration cutting has the chip breaking characteristic. The ultrasonic vibration turning is an effective method on the thin-wall plate parts maching.