The MERIS Maximum Chlorophyll Index; its merits and limitations for inland water algal bloom monitoring |
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| Authors: | CE Binding TA Greenberg RP Bukata |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CSC and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60607, USA;2. CSC and Loyola University of Chicago, 1359 W. Elmdale Ave. Suite 2, Chicago, IL 60660, USA;3. USEPA Great Lakes National Program Office, 77 W. Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, IL 60604, USA;1. NOAA, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, 1305 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;2. NOAA, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Lake Michigan Field Station, 1431 Beach Street, Muskegon, MI 49441, USA;3. NOAA, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 4840 South State Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA;4. NOAA, Michigan Sea Grant Extension/NOAA Center of Excellence for Great Lakes and Human Health, 4840 South State Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China;2. College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 Seventh Avenue, South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;1. Ocean Sciences Department, 1156 High Street, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA;2. ORAU/NASA Ames Research Center, M.S. 245-4, Bldg. 245, Rm. 120, PO Box 1, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA;3. Department of Atmospheric, Ocean, and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, USA;4. Applied Math and Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;5. Earth Science Division, NASA Ames Research Center, M.S. 245-4, Bldg. 245, Rm. 120, PO Box 1, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA;6. BAERI/NASA Ames Research Center, M.S. 245-4, Bldg. 245, Rm. 120, PO Box 1, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA |
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| Abstract: | Satellite remote sensing methods adopting wavelengths in the red and near infra-red have been shown to be superior to the standard blue to green ratio based approaches in the detection of algal blooms under turbid, eutrophic conditions. Here, the MERIS Maximum Chlorophyll Index (MCI) has been explored as a tool for monitoring algal blooms in North America's inland waters where waters range from optically complex, turbid, eutrophic conditions, to low chlorophyll and oligotrophic conditions. Assessment of the MERIS MCI product is made for intense blooms of cyanobacteria in Lake of the Woods, algal blooms in turbid waters of Lake Erie, and low chlorophyll conditions in Lake Ontario. The MCI product is shown to be a versatile tool in monitoring intense surficial algal blooms with chlorophyll concentrations in the 10–300 mg m? 3 range, while limited in its application to low-biomass conditions as observed in Lake Ontario. Wavelength shifts in the position of the MCI peak for different chlorophyll concentration ranges, as well as variations in the inherent optical properties of water colouring constituents, are anticipated to account for regional variations in MCI–chlorophyll relationships and potentially hinder a universally applicable quantitative MCI product. |
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