秩序下的自由:黄平蜡染的设计特点与造物思想

目的 黄平蜡染作为一种独特的蜡染技艺，广泛应用于亻革家人的日常生活中，具有较强的艺术特征与审美意蕴，以国家级非物质文化遗产黄平蜡染为研究对象，挖掘其图案的设计特点，探究其创作背后的造物思想，推动人们对黄平蜡染图案的深度解读，促进非遗艺术的创新和保护。方法 基于文献阅读、田野调查收集黄平蜡染的图案资料，通过类比分析总结黄平蜡染图案整体的视觉表象及工艺，探索其设计特点，归纳审美特征，从源流出发探寻其造物思想。结论 在亻革家人的生活环境、社会体系与文化信仰的影响下，黄平蜡染产生了秩序与自由并进的设计特点。它是亻革家人面对现实时矛盾思想的外在表现，深入了解其思想有助于加深对当地非遗文化的认知，对传统技艺的传承与创新有重要的理论价值和指导意义。

Freedom under Order:Design Features and Creation Thoughts of Huangping Batik

As a unique batik technique, Huangping batik is widely used in the daily lives of Gejia people, with strong artistic characteristics and aesthetic implications. The work aims to take Huangping batik, a national intangible cultural heritage, as the research object, to explore the design characteristics of its patterns, study the creative ideas behind its creation, promote people''s deep interpretation of Huangping batik patterns, and contribute to innovation and protection of intangible cultural heritage art. Based on literature review and field investigation, pattern data of Huangping batik were collected and the overall visual representation and craftsmanship of Huangping batik patterns were summarized through analogy analysis to explore their design characteristics, summarize their aesthetic characteristics, and explore their creative ideas from the source. In conclusion, under the influence of the living environment, social system, and cultural beliefs of Gejia people, Huangping batik has developed a design characteristic of order and freedom. It is an external manifestation of the contradictory thoughts of Gejia people when facing reality. A deep understanding of their thoughts helps to deepen understanding of local intangible cultural heritage culture. It has important theoretical value and guiding significance for the inheritance and innovation of traditional skills.