缓冲特性可控的智能气囊装置实验研究

提出了一种可对气囊排气口进行实时主动控制的气囊装置，称为智能气囊。智能气囊是一种应用智能材料结构设计的智能缓冲构件，能在碰撞过程中实现主动缓冲，可使缓冲过载更为平缓。在对气囊内不可压流分析的基础上，推导了理想缓冲时排气口面积变化规律，并建立了主动缓冲模型。在此基础上设计了智能气囊实验装置，采用独立的传感、驱动、控制元件及气囊。驱动机构采用层叠电致伸缩驱动器设计．实验显示该机构具有良好的驱动性能；控制采用了一维的模糊控制方法。控与不控的对比实验证实了智能气囊装置具有主动缓冲功能。

Experimental Study on Intelligent Airbag Device with Controllable Cushioning Characteristics

Airbags are currently being investigated as an impact energy absorber for airdrop and UAVs recovery.Traditional airbags with constant vent areas have been found to be unsatisfactory in yielding high G forces. In this paper,a method of controlling the vent area during its compression to improve airbag perpormance is presented,named intelligent airbag.Intelligent airbag is made up of intelligent material structure,which can control the impact deceleration and make the crash deceleration more smooth.A simplified incompressible flow analysis of the airbag is utilized to derive the orifice venting area corresponding to the ideal deceleration.Then the control model of intelligent airbag can be made.Experimental device of intelligental airbag was designed by independent sensor,actuator,control system and simple airbag.Electrostrictive material was used in actuating cell,and the venting structure was designed by an electrostrictive stack actuator.Test results show that venting structure has good actuating ability.The one-dimension fuzzy control method was used in controlling.Vertical drop tests of a intelligent airbag device and traditional airbag confirm the ability of active cushioning.