无线传感器网络通信与路由研究

随着无线通信和数字电子技术的发展,由低成本、低功耗、多功能的无线传感器节点组成的无线传感网络得到迅速发展。无线传感网络是由很多无线传感器节点密集分布组成的,它具有以下特性:各传感器节点位置随机分布,具有自组织特性;各节点共同协作完成数据收集、路由任务,具有很好的协作特性。无线传感网络的这些特性使得它在医疗、环境监测、军事和智能家庭等领域有了广泛的应用。本文从介绍无线传感器网络的发展入手,分析了无线传感器的网络结构,节点结构,节点的限制,网络特点,在此基础上继续分析了无线传感器网络的路由协议以及现有的路由协议分类。

The Research of Communications and Route of Wireless Sensor Network

With the advances of wireless communication and micro- processor technologies, it becomes possible for large amounts of low- cost, low- power, multifunctional sensor nodes to build high- quality wireless sensor networks. These nodes have many specific features: densely distributing in working field with random location and self- organization ability; adaptively collaborating with other nodes for data routing and transmission. All these advantages enable broad use of wireless sensor networks in the fields of Health- care, Environment Mon- itoring, Military and Smart Home. This article obtains from the wireless sensor network communications research, and study the framework, characteristic of the wireless sesor network, then analyse the framework of the netnote and the limiting condition of the netnote; at last , this paper study the router protocol of the wireless sensor network.