食品接触用多层复合包装中迁移物质的非靶向筛查和风险评价

目的 以食品接触用纸/铝/塑复合包装为研究对象，结合应用非靶向高通量筛查技术和安全风险评价方法，全面研究这类多层复合包装在接触食品过程中的迁移风险。方法 采用顶空气相色谱-串联质谱、气相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱和液相色谱-四级杆飞行时间质谱全面筛查食品接触用纸/铝/塑复合包装在不同迁移条件下的挥发性、半挥发性和非挥发性迁移物质，基于商业数据库、实验室自建库及行业信息解析物质化学结构及可能来源，利用内标半定量迁移水平，结合国内外食品接触材料法规和安全风险评估方法进行符合性评价及风险评价。结果 20批纸/铝/塑复合食品包装在体积分数为4%的乙酸模拟物中未发现迁移风险，在体积分数为95%的乙醇模拟物中共计检出35种物质，可能源于溶剂、抗氧剂、爽滑剂、低聚物、抗氧剂氧化/降解产物等物质。其中，33种物质经法规评估及毒理学评估，显示风险较低;其余2类聚烯烃低聚物因结构难以确定、缺乏毒理学研究建议持续关注毒理学研究进展及国内外法律法规动态。结论 通过结合应用非靶向高通量筛查技术和安全风险评估方法研究表明，在通常的使用条件下，纸/铝/塑多层复合包装用于盛装果汁等水性食品时不存在安全风险，但接触高乙醇含量或油脂类食品时建议关注聚烯烃类低聚物的迁移安全性。

Non-targeted Screening and Risk Assessment of Migratory Substances in Multilayer Composite Packaging for Food Contact

The work aims to comprehensively study the migration risk of the multi-layer composite packaging for food contact with food contact paper/aluminum/plastic composite packaging as the research object in combination with the non-targeted high-throughput screening technology and the safety risk assessment method. With headspace gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, gas quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and liquid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, the volatile, semi-volatile and non-volatile migration substances of paper/aluminum/plastic composite packaging for food contact were comprehensively screened under different migration conditions. Then, based on commercial databases, laboratory self-built databases and industry information, the chemical structure and possible sources of substances were analyzed. According to the semi-quantitative results of internal standards, the compliance evaluation and risk characterization of the migratory substances were carried out with domestic and foreign regulations on food contact materials and safety risk assessment methods. The results showed that in 20 batches of paper/aluminum/plastic composite packaging for food contact, no migration risk was detected in the 4% acetic acid simulants. A total of 35 substances were detected in the 95% ethanol simulants, which may come from solvents, antioxidants, smoothing agents, oligomers and antioxidant oxidation/degradation products. Among them, 33 substances showed low risks, but the other two monomer oligomers were recommended to continue to pay attention to the progress of toxicological research and the dynamic change of domestic and foreign laws due to their unknown structures and incomplete toxicological research. Therefore, with the combination of non-targeted high-throughput screening technology and safety risk assessment methods, there is no safety risk found in using paper/aluminum/plastic multi-layer composite packaging for containing water-based foods such as fruit juice under normal usage conditions. However, it is still necessary to pay attention to the migration safety of polyolefin oligomers when the packaging was exposed to the foods with high ethanol or fat content.