地下水与地质灾害

由地下水与岩土体相互作用引起的地质灾害日益受到人们的关注。通常·地下水与岩土体相互作用有三种．即物理作用（包括润滑作用、软化和泥化作用、结合水的强化作用）、化学作用（包括离子交换、溶解作用、水化作用、水解作用、溶蚀作用、氧化还原作用）以及刀学作用（包括静水压力和动水压力作用）。地下水与岩土体相互作用的结果影响着岩土作的变形性和强度．而岩土作中应力的变化（自然力和人类工程力）导致地下水的补给、径流和排泄条件的改变．最终访发地质灾害的发生。本文分析了地下水岩土体相互作用引起的水库诱发地震、滑坡、岩溶塌陷、地面沉降、矿山及隧洞突水等的地质灾害的力学机制，运用岩体水力学理论分析了地震孕震规律及进行地震预报与控制的可能性。

Groundwater Flow and Geological Hazards

Geological hazards and failures induced by groundwater-rock interaction have aroused prblic concern. Generally,there are three interactions between groundwater and rock or soil masses in geological environment,namely,physical interaction involving lubrication, softening and strengthening of bound water, chemical interaction involving ion exchange, dissolution,attack by acids, hydration, hydrolysis, oxidation-reduction and mechanical interaction lnvolving bydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressures. All of these have influence on the deformation and strength of rock or soil masses. On the other hand , the change of stress field (natural and human engineering forces )results in the change of recharge,throughflow and discharge conditions of groundwater flow in rock or soil masses and finally the occurrince of geological hazrds.