土党参多糖不同提取方法的比较研究

目的：比较3种提取方法对土党参原料多糖提取率的影响。方法：以土党参多糖提取率为考察指标，对热水浸提、超声波以及微波辅助3种提取方法进行均匀优化试验设计，对多糖提取率进行二次多项式逐步回归分析。结果：热水浸提法的优化条件为液料比25:1(mL/g)、温度70℃、提取时间60min，提取率28.05%；超声波提取法的优化条件为液料比50:1、功率210W、提取时间40min，提取率28.12%；微波法提取的优化条件为液料比15:1、功率900W、提取时间5min，提取率28.99%。结论：3种提取方法对多糖提取率影响差异不明显，但超声波和微波辅助提取较热水浸提具有省时的优点。

A Comparative Study of Different Extraction Methods for Polysaccharides from Campanumoea javanica Roots

Objective: To compare the extraction efficiencies of polysaccharides from Campanumoea javanica roots by different extraction methods. Methods: Three different extraction methods were optimized by uniform design combined with second-order polynomial regression analysis for enhanced extraction efficiency. Results: The optimal hot water extraction conditions were material-to-liquid ratio of 1:25 (g/mL), extraction temperature of 70 ℃ and extraction time of 60 min. Under these conditions, the maximum yield of polysaccharides was 28.05%. The optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions were material-to-liquid ratio of 1:50 (g/mL), ultrasonic power of 210 W and extraction time of 40 min. Under these conditions, the maximum yield of polysaccharides was 28.12%. The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions were material-to-liquid ratio of 1:15 (g/mL), microwave power of 900 W and extraction time of 5 min. Under these conditions, the maximum yield of polysaccharides was 28.99%. Conclusion: No significant difference was observed among three extraction methods. However, ultrasonic-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction have a time-saving advantage over hot water extraction.