雷达大擦地角海杂波特性与目标检测研究综述

海杂波作为影响海用雷达目标探测性能的主要制约因素之一，其在小擦地角下的物理机理和特性被广泛研究。由于产生机理上与小擦地角的差异，大擦地角下海杂波特性认知研究难以直接采用现有的多样化小擦地角海杂波模型与特性结论，大擦地角海杂波特性规律及目标检测技术研究依旧是一项极其复杂的系统工程。该文从雷达大擦地角对海探测试验数据集出发，围绕大擦地角海杂波建模、海杂波特性影响因素和海杂波中目标检测技术3个方面，回顾总结了大擦地角下海杂波特性认知与抑制的研究进展，梳理了大擦地角海杂波机理与特性研究的主要结论，并对技术发展方向进行了展望。

Summary of Research on Characteristics of Radar Sea Clutter and Target Detection at High Grazing Angles

Sea clutter is one of the main limiting factors influencing the target detection performance of nautical radars, and its physical mechanism at low grazing angles has been widely studied. Due to the difference in the generation mechanism, it is difficult to adopt directly the existing diversified low clutter angle sea clutter model and characteristic conclusions in the cognitive study of the sea clutter characteristics under large grazing angle.The study of sea clutter characteristics under large grazing angles is still extremely complicated and has to be systematic. Based on the commonly used data, this paper reviews and summarizes the research developments in sea clutter at large grazing angles. It concentrates on the properties that are of most interest for target detection at large grazing angles: the characteristics, modeling methods and detection technology algorithms. The main research results are concluded and the development direction of the technology is prospected.