含碳颗粒的凝胶推进剂雾化特性实验研究

固体含能颗粒对提高凝胶推进剂的能量特性具有重要作用，是凝胶推进剂的重要组成部分。雾化问题是凝胶推进技术的关键问题之一，为了研究添加固体含能颗粒对凝胶推进剂雾化的影响，选择碳颗粒作为固体添加剂，开展了含碳颗粒凝胶推进剂雾化的实验研究。制备了3种不同含碳颗粒凝胶推进剂模拟液，并对它们的流变和触变特性进行了测量；分析了不同射流速度、不同撞击角度下的雾化场特点和形成机理，以及撞击速度对雾化模式，撞击角度对雾化场基本形状，碳颗粒质量分数、平均粒径等因素对模拟液流变特性和雾化效果的影响；提出了一种基于尺度不变特征变换关键点匹配的雾化场速度计算方法，定量分析了含碳颗粒凝胶推进剂的雾化场速度；以雾化场速度分析为基础提出了一种新的液膜厚度估算方法。研究结果表明：雾化效果随着射流速度和撞击角度的增大而显著改善；碳颗粒的添加对雾化效果有着重要影响，雾化效果随着碳颗粒质量分数的增大而降低，适当增大碳颗粒的粒径可以改善雾化效果；雾化场平均速度与射流速度的比值v_a/v_j可以用于表征雾化效果，v_a/v_j越小，能量转换效率越高，雾化效果越好。

Experimental Research on Atomization Characteristics of Gelled Propellants Doped with Carbon Particles

As an important part of gelled propellant,the solid energetic particles play an important role in improving its energy characteristics.Atomization is one of the key problems in gel propulsion technology.For the research on the influence of addition of solid energetic particles on the atomization of gelled propellants,the carbon particles are used as solid additives to investigate the atomization of gelled propellants doped with carbon partilces.Three kinds of gelled propellant simulants with carbon particles were prepared,and their rheological and thixotropic properties were measured.The characteristics and formation mechanism of atomization field under different jet velocities and impact angles are analyzed,the influences of the jet velocity on the atomization mode and the impact angle on the basic shape of atomization field are discussed,and the influences of the mass fraction and average particle size of carbon particles on the rheological characteristics and atomization effect are studied.A method for calculating the velocity of atomization field based on the scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) key points is proposed,and the atomization field velocity is analyzed quantitatively.On this basis,a new method is proposed to estimate the thickness of liquid film.The results show that the atomization effect improves significantly with the increase in jet velocity and impact angle;the addition of carbon particles has an important influence on the atomization,the atomization effect can be weakened as the mass fraction of carbon particles increases,and slightly improved as the average radius of carbon particles increases;the ratio of atomization average velocity to jet velocity,va/vj,can be used to characterize the atomization effect,and the smaller the va/vj is,the better the atomization effect is.