均质粘性土坝漫顶溃决过程试验研究

为研究均质粘性土坝不同几何断面对溃坝过程的影响,设计了四组物理模型试验,对比研究了不同坝坡比、坝高、坝顶宽度情况下均质粘性土坝溃坝的流量过程与溃口宽度的变化过程,同时通过理论计算验证模型的准确性。试验结果表明,整个溃决过程大致可分为冲刷沟形成阶段、冲刷沟扩展阶段、溃口坍塌阶段、溃口趋于稳定阶段4个阶段;坝坡比、坝体高度分别对下游坝坡的中下部和顶部的溃口宽度起主要作用,而坝顶宽度对溃口形状的影响不大。

Experimental Study on Collapse Process of Homogeneous Cohesive Earth Dam

In order to study the influence of different geometric fractures of homogeneous viscosity earth dam on the dam-break process, four sets of physical model experiments were designed to comparatively study the dam-break of homogeneous viscosity earth dam with different slope ratios, dam heights and crest widths. At the same time, the flow process and the change process of the rupture width were verified by theoretical calculations. The experimental results show that the entire rupture process can be roughly divided into four stages: scouring trench formation stage, scouring trench expansion stage, ulcer collapse stage, and ulcer tending to stabilize stage. The dam slope ratio and the height of the dam body respectively play a major role in the width of the breach in the middle and lower parts of the downstream dam slope, and the width of the dam crest has little effect on the shape of the breach.