粮食中呕吐毒素的物理消减方法研究进展

呕吐毒素是广泛存在于粮食中的一种真菌毒素，其化学性质稳定，耐高温，对人类和动物的健康有比较严重的危害性。粮食中呕吐毒素的物理消减方法主要包括谷物加工法、吸附剂吸附法、射线辐照法和热处理法等方法。与化学脱毒法相比，物理脱毒法的成本低，处理过程中不会产生新的化学物质,且有助于减少粮食和饲料中现有的呕吐毒素。该文分析了粮食中呕吐毒素产生的原因、危害和污染现状，总结了粮食中呕吐毒素物理消减方法的研究进展，分析了各种消减方法的优缺点，并提出未来物理消减方法的研究方向和发展趋势，为进一步开发自动化、规模化、简便化和低成本高效率的物理消减方法提供参考。

Research Progress on Physical Reduction of DON in Grain

DON is a kind of mycotoxin widely existing in grain. It has stable chemical property and high temperature resistance, which is harmful to human and animal health. The physical reduction methods of DON include grain processing, adsorbent adsorption, radiation and heat treatment. Compared with chemical detoxification, physical reduction methods are lower cost, do not produce new substances, and help to reduce DON in grain and feed. This paper analyzes the cause, harm and pollution of DON in grain, summarizes the above-mentioned reduction method and their advantages and disadvantages. In the future, physical reduction method will develop towards automation, scale, simplicity, low-cost and high-efficiency.