安徽省近60年台风降水特征分析

基于中国水情年报和安徽省15个降水观测站1957～2016年台风期间降水资料,分析台风登陆中国后7d内在观测站形成的日降水大于或等于5mm的降水事件,提取了各站、各区域年台风降水量、次数等台风降水特征,分析了安徽省台风降水特征的时空分布规律。结果表明,台风降水量年际、年代际差异显著,安徽省多年平均年台风降水量为165mm;江南、江淮和淮北三个区域多年平均年台风降水量分别为216、154、137mm,具有从南到北递减规律;15个降水观测站多年平均年台风降水量为125～347mm,平均年台风降水发生3.2～4.7次;安徽省7～9月台风降水量为128mm,占年台风降水量的78%;安徽省台风降水量具有山区多平原少,迎风坡多背风坡少的特征。

Analysis of Typhoon Precipitation Characteristics in Recent 60 Years in Anhui Province

Based on the annual water regime report of China and the daily precipitation data during the typhoon period, the precipitation events of 15 sites in Anhui Province from 1957 to 2016 were analyzed. The events are those with daily precipitation greater than or equal to 5 mm occurring at observation stations within 7 days after typhoon landed in China. At the same time, the characteristics of typhoon precipitation such as annual precipitation and frequency of each station and region were extracted, and the temporal and spatial distribution of typhoon precipitation characteristics in Anhui Province were analyzed. The results show that the interannual and interdecadal differences of typhoon precipitation are significant. In the last 60 years, the average annual typhoon precipitation of Anhui Province was 165 mm, and that of the region of south of Yangtze River, Yangtze-Huai River, and north of Huai River were 216, 154 and 137 mm, respectively, displaying a gradually decreasing trend from the south to north in Anhui. The average annual typhoon precipitation at 15 stations were 125-347 mm, and the average annual occurrence number of typhoon precipitation were 3.2-4.7 at each station. The typhoon precipitation in the period from July to September was 128 mm, accounting for 78% of the annual precipitation. There was more typhoon precipitation in mountain area and less in plain area, as well more in windward slopes and less in leeward slopes.