A composite indicator for measuring the environmental performance of water,wastewater, and solid waste utilities |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Statistical Science, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy;2. Department of Political Science, University of Roma Tre, Italy;3. Xavier Institute of Management, Xavier University Bhubaneswar, India;1. Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Portugal;2. Department of Sport Science and Wellness, University of Naples Parthenope, Italy;1. KU Leuven, Faculty of Business and Economics (FEB), Leuven, Belgium;2. Maastricht University, UNU–MERIT, Maastricht, the Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to measure and benchmark the environmental performance of Portuguese utilities jointly active in the three sectors of water supply, wastewater collection and solid waste management. To do so, we suggest the use of a traditional (optimistic) directional distance Benefit of the Doubt index. We complement the analysis by considering also the pessimistic version of the proposed BoD and by implementing a robust and conditional approach. The obtained results show that there is space for improvement in the pressure balance of these utilities, especially for small and very large units, mostly operating in urban areas. |
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| Keywords: | Environmental sustainability Environmental pressure indicator Benefit of the doubt Composite indicator Robust and conditional analysis |
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