中国深层天然气开发现状及技术发展趋势

进入21世纪以来，中国在深层天然气领域取得了一系列重大突破，发现并成功开发了普光、克深、元坝、安岳等多个深层大气田，建成了四川和塔里木两大深层天然气产区。但复杂的地质条件与不断增大的开发难度使深层天然气高效开发面临诸多挑战，主要包括:(1)构造复杂，气藏精细描述困难；(2)储层类型多样，气藏渗流规律复杂；(3)高温、高压、高地应力，钻完井和增产工程难度大；(4)气藏流体性质复杂，安全、清洁开发风险大。经过十多年攻关研究，形成深层地震成像和储层预测技术、深层复杂气藏井网优化技术、深层高温高压气井钻完井技术、深层复杂储层精准改造技术、深层特殊流体采气工艺技术等5大技术系列。低油价时代的来临，将促使深层天然气开发技术与数字化、信息化技术进一步紧密结合，向低成本、高精度、自动化、智能化方向快速发展，为深层天然气资源高效开发提供坚实保障。总结深层天然气开发策略，要坚持三维地震先行，坚持规模试采和先导试验，坚持地质工程一体化，坚持技术创新和集成应用，根据气藏地质特征确定合理的开发技术政策。

Development status and technology development trend of deep natural gas in China

Since the beginning of the 21st century, China has made a series of major breakthroughs in the field of deep-seated natural gas. Several deep-seated gas fields, such as Puguang, Keshen, Yuanba and Anyue, have been discovered and successfully developed, and two deep-seated natural gas production areas in Sichuan and Tarim have been built. However, the complex geological conditions and increasing development difficulties make the efficient development of deep natural gas face many challenges, mainly including: complex gas reservoir structure that made it difficult to describe accurately, diverse reservoir types and complex gas reservoir seepage law, high temperature, high pressure and high geostress which make it difficult to drill and complete well and increase production, complex fluid property of gas reservoir and high risk of safe and clean development. After more than ten years of research, five technical systems have been formed, including deep seismic imaging and reservoir prediction technology, deep complex gas reservoir well pattern optimization technology, deep high temperature and high pressure gas well drilling and completion technology, deep complex reservoir precise transformation technology, and deep special fluid gas production technology. With the advent of the era of low oil price, the deep-seated natural gas development technology will be further closely combined with digital and information technology to develop rapidly in the direction of low-cost, high-precision, automation and intelligence, and provide a solid guarantee for the efficient development of deep-seated natural gas resources. To sum up the development strategy of deep natural gas, we should adhere to the three-dimensional earthquake first, adhere to the scale test production and pilot test, adhere to the integration of geological engineering, adhere to technological innovation and integrated application, and determine reasonable development technology policies according to the geological characteristics of gas reservoirs.