中、美流域水资源管理机制比较

萨斯奎哈纳流域管理委员会的委员由美国联邦政府和其流域内纽约、宾夕法尼亚、马里兰三个州的代表组成。在《萨斯奎哈纳流域协议》（联邦法律）的授权下。该委员会有权处理流域内的任何水资源问题。相比之下．国内的流域机构没有流域内省（自治区、直辖市）的代表作为委员，流域水行政管理的职能还不能满足流域内社会经济发展的实际需要。因此，形成和完善以流域为单元的水资源管理法律框架是有效保护、开发和管理流域水资源的基础，建立包括流域内省（自治区、直辖市）为代表的流域管理委员会可以提供一个有代表性、长效的管理机构。流域管理委员会应着重加强流域水资源保护、开发和管理的综合规划，注重流域的公共利益和社会服务．重视水质、湿地、洄游鱼类、珍稀物种和文化遗产保护．切实担当起河流代言人和保护神的角色。

Comparison of water resources management systems of river basins between China and the United States

The Susquehanna River Basin Commission-SRBC was formed by representatives from the states of New York, Pennsylvania and Maryland. Under the authorization of Susquehanna River Basin Compact, SRBC has the fight of dealing with any issues related to water resources. Comparatively, fiver basin commission in China has no members from provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities, and its functions can not meet the actual needs of social and economic development in the basin. Thus, taking fiver basin as unit for establishing or improving legal framework of water resources management is the foundation for effectively protection, development and management of water resources. To set up fiver basin commission that includes representatives from provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities is effective for collecting views from different angles. The fiver basin management commission should attach great importance to comprehensive planning for water resources management, development and, management of the fiver basin, public interest and social service, water quality, wetland protection, migration fish, rare species and cultural relics and should really play the role of representatives and guardian of rivers.