Giant Polarization in Quasi-Adiabatic Ferroelectric Na+ Electrolyte for Solid-State Energy Harvesting and Storage |
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Authors: | Manuela Carvalho Baptista Hesham Khalifa Adão Araújo Beatriz Arouca Maia Manuel Souto Maria Helena Braga |
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Affiliation: | 1. Engineering Physics Department, Engineering Faculty, University of Porto, 4200–465 Porto, Portugal;2. Norleq – Equipamentos e Serviços, Lda., Hipercentro, F, 4200–279 Porto, Portugal;3. Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810–393 Aveiro, Portugal |
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Abstract: | The advent of new solid-state energy storage devices to tackle the electrical revolution requires the usage of nonlinear behavior leading to emergent phenomena. The ferroelectric analyzed herein belongs to a family of electrolytes that allow energy harvesting and storage as part of its self-charging features when thermally activated. The Na2.99Ba0.005ClO electrolyte shows quasi-adiabatic behavior with a continuous increase in polarization upon cycling, displaying almost no hysteresis. The maximum polarization obtained at a weak electric field is giant and similar to the remanent polarization. It depends on the temperature with a pyroelectric coefficient of 5.37 C m?2 °C?1 from ?5 to 46 °C. The emergence occurs via negative resistance and capacitance. The glass transition is found to have its origins in the sharp depolarization at 46 – 48 °C. Above –10 °C, at ≈ –5 °C, another thermal anomaly may rely on the topologic characteristics of the A3–2xBaxClO (A = Li, Na, K) glass electrolytes enabling positive feedback of the current of electrons throughout the surface of the inner cell. The phenomena may pave the way toward a better understanding of dipolar nanodomain fragile glasses with exceptional ferroelectric characteristics to architect energy harvesting and storage devices based on multivalent thermally activated Na+-ion-ion electrolytes. |
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Keywords: | adiabatics energy harvesting energy storages ferroelectrics polar chains relaxors solid electrolytes superparaelectrics topologic insulators |
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