淀粉基高吸水性树脂的合成与性能研究

以马铃薯淀粉和丙烯酸(AA)为原料,过硫酸钾(K2S2O8)为引发剂,三氯化铝(AlCl3)为交联剂,采用以水为溶剂的溶液聚合法制备淀粉基高吸水性树脂(SAP)。确定合理的反应时间,评价树脂的吸水速率、反复吸水性及保水性能。结果表明,在ω(K2S2O8)=0.15%,ω(AlCl3)=0.10%,m(AA)∶m(starch)=6∶1,丙烯酸中和度70%,60℃的条件下,反应80 min制备的树脂吸蒸馏水率为1 235 g/g,吸质量分数为0.9%NaCl溶液率101 g/g,且吸水速率较快,SAP的重复吸水性能和保水性能较好。FTIR分析证实树脂为淀粉与丙烯酸(钠)的接枝共聚物,SAP的XRD衍射峰呈弥散衍射特征,TG和DTA分析说明SAP的热稳定性良好。

Synthesis and Property of Starch-Based Super Absorbent Polymer

Using potato starch and AA as raw material,K2S2O8 as initiator and AlCl3 as crosslinker,starch-based superabsorbent polymer were synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization.Reasonable re-action time,absorbency velocity,repeated swelling properties and water conservation performance of pol-ymer were determined.The results showed that,when amount of ω（K2S2O8） = 0.15%,ω（AlCl3） = 0.1%,m（AA） ∶ m（starch） = 6∶ 1,neutralization degree of acrylic acid was 70% and reaction for 80 min at 60 ℃,the distilled water absorbency of SAP was 1 235 g /g,and 0.9% NaCl water solution ab-sorbency of SAP was 101 g /g at a faster rate of water absorption.The synthesized SAP possess the capa-bility of water reabsorption and water retention.FTIR proved the structure of SAP to be graft copolymer of starch and acrylic acid（Na）,X-ray diffraction peaks of SAP showed dispersing diffraction featmes.TG and DTA analyses explained the good thermal stability of SAP.