Substructure of ausformed martensite in Fe-Ni and Fe-Ni-C alloys

The martensite substructure after ausforming has been studied for two different martensite morphologies: partially twinned, lenticular martensite (Fe-33 pct Ni, M_s =-105?C) and completely twinned “thin plate” martensite (Fe-31 pct Ni-0.23 pct C, M_s = -170?C), and in both cases ausforming produces a dislocation cell structure in the austenite which is inherited, without modification, by the martensite. In the Fe-Ni alloy, the dislocation cell structure is found in both the twinned (near the midrib) and untwinned (near the interface) regions, the latter also containing a regular dislocation network generated by the transformation itself and which is unaltered by the austenite dislocation cell structure. Similarly, in the Fe-Ni-C alloy, the transformation twins are unimpeded by the prior cell structure. These observations show that carbide precipitation during ausforming is not necessarily required to pin the austenite cell structure and that the martensite-austenite interface, backed by either twins or dislocations, does not exhibit a ”sweeping” effect. Although the martensite transformation twins are not inhibited by the ausforming cell structure, they do undergo a refinement with increased ausforming, and it is indicated that the transformation twin width in martensite depends on the austenite hardness. However, the relative twin widths remain unchanged, as expected from the crystallographic theory.