聚合物基微纳米复合材料的制备及微型注塑加工研究

微型高分子功能器件具有独特优点,发展迅速,应用广泛,是当今科学技术的重要前沿,迫切需要发展高性能多功能聚合物基微纳米复合材料,实现其微型注塑加工。介绍了近年来作者课题组在聚合物基微纳米复合材料制备及其微型注塑加工方面的研究进展:通过有机/无机杂化、固相剪切碾磨、纳米复合、分子复合及熔融共混技术等制备适合于微成型加工的高性能多功能聚合物基微纳米复合材料,如尼龙11/钛酸钡压电复合材料、聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石生物医用纳米复合材料、聚氨酯/碳纳米管导电复合材料等。解决了微纳米填料难分散、复合体系难加工的难题,实现了聚合物基微纳米功能复合材料的微型注塑加工,研究了其流变行为和充填行为,调控和优化了微型制品的结构与性能,为制备高性能多功能的聚合物微型器件提供了新材料、新技术和新理论。

Preparation and Micro Injection Molding Processing of Polymer Based Micro/Nanocomposites

Polymer functional micro devices are widely applied in many important fields, which need polymer based mi- cro/nano composites with high performances and multi-functions to realize their micro injection molding processing. This is a rapidly developing frontier of modern science and technology. This paper briefly summarized our research work on prepa- ration and micro injection molding processing of a series of polymer functional micro/nano composites： the organic/inor- ganic hybrid, solid state shear milling, molecular complexation and melt compounding were utilized to prepare the polymer functional micro/nano composite with high performance and muhi-functions suitable for micro processing, e. g. nylon 11 （ PAl 1 ）/barium titanate （BT） piezoelectric micro/nanocomposite, polyvinyl alcohol （PVA）/hydroxyapatite （ HA ） bio- medical nanocomposite and thermoplastic polyurethane （TPU）/carbon nanotubes （CNTs） conductive composites. We have basically solved the problems such as the difficulty of dispersion of micro/nano fillers, processing difficulty of com- posite system, etc. By adopting technologies above, the micro injection molding of the polymer micro/nano composite was successfully realized. The replication and filling behavior were investigated. The structure and property of the polymer mi- croparts were accordingly controlled and optimized. These provided new materials, new technologies and new theories for preparation of polymer microparts with high performance and multi-functions.