地理信息系统技术在水资源开发利用和保护领域中的应用

地理信息系统是一项正在蓬勃发展并在许多领域得到广泛应用的新技术，在水资源开发利用领域它可在水资源利用规划、工程选址及渠线走向选择及其挖填土石方计算，工程施工及大坝截流适时处理，水库淹没范围及损失，移民安置等方面为决策者和技术人员提供方便、快捷的信息处理工具。在水资源保护领域它将在水质监测，城市污染处理规划，污染事故应急处理，流域（区域）水资源保护规划与评价，水环境保护管理与决策方面得到广泛应用。介绍了两个应用实例，阐述了这方面的应用现状和面临的主要问题。

Application of GIS in Water Resource Development, Utilization, and Protection

GIS is a developing technology. It is necessary and important to adopt GIS in the area of water resource development, utilization, and protection. GIS will play an important role in water resource planning,reservoir site and ditch line selection, project construction,determination of the loss and scope of reservoir' inundation, and resettlement, water quality monitoring, water environment planning, urban waste water treatment, etc. The problems which we meet at present and future application of GIS in water resource protection are discussed. Two application examples of GIS are introduced.