植酸酶在食品工业中的应用

植酸酶又称肌醇六磷酸酶,可以分解肌醇六磷酸,而后者是植物体内主要的磷酸储存形式。在动物的饲料中加入微生物植酸酶来取代无机磷酸盐饲料,有助于减少单胃动物磷的排泄。应用植酸酶可以减少高达50%的磷的排泄,很明显这对环境保护是非常有利的。植酸酶添加剂有助于提高矿物质和微量元素的利用率,植酸酶不仅可用作动物饲料添加剂,同样可用于食品添加剂。目前在这一领域的研究主要集中在提高矿物质吸收和改善食品加工技术上。几乎所有的植酸酶产品都是通过微生物发酵获得。近十年,研究人员发现了大量的植酸酶。利用转基因植物生产植酸酶的研究业已起步,关键是由发酵液中成功提取出所需产品。

Applications of phytases in food industry

Phytases decompose phytate,which is the primary storage form of phosphate in plants.It offered to help farmers reduce phosphorus excretion of monogastric animals by replacing inorganic phosphates by microbial phytase in the animal diet.Phytase application can reduce phosphorus excretion by up to 50 %,a feat that would contribute significantly toward environmental protection.Furthermore,phytase supplementation leads to improved availability of minerals and trace elements. In addition to its major application in animal nutrition,phytase is also used for processing of human food.Research in this field focuses on better mineral absorption and technical improvement of food processing. All commercial phytase preparations contain microbial enzymes produced by fermentation.A wide variety of phytases were discovered and characterized in the last 10 years.Initial steps to produce phytase in transgenic plants were also undertaken.A crucial role for its commercial success relates to the formulation of the enzyme solution delivered from fermentation.