Catalytic reforming of biomass primary tar from pyrolysis over waste steel slag based catalysts |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Electrical and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, PR China;2. Center for Biorefining, Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States;1. Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia;2. School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia;3. Industrial Centre of Innovation in Energy Management, SIRIM Berhad, 40700 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia;4. School of Environmental Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia;1. Fuels and Energy Technology Institute, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184–8588, Japan;1. School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, University Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P. M. B. 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria;1. Jiangsu Province Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Energy Storage Technology and Equipments, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;2. School of Electrical and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China;1. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China;3. CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China;4. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China;5. College of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China;6. Chongqing Environment & Sanitation Group co. LTD, China |
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| Abstract: | Steel slag (SS) contains high amounts of metal oxides and could be applied as the catalyst or support material for the reforming of biomass derived tar. In this research, steel slag supported nickel catalysts were prepared by impregnation of a small amount of nickel (0–10 wt%) and calcination at 900 °C, and then tested for the catalytic reforming of biomass primary tar from pine sawdust pyrolysis. The steel slag after calcination was mainly composed of Fe2O3 and MgFe2O4, and granular NiO particles was formed and highly dispersed on the surface of nickel loaded steel slag which lead to a porous structure of the catalysts. The steel slag showed good activity on converting biomass primary tar into syngas, and its performance can be further enhanced by the loading of nickel. The yield of H2 increased significantly with the increase of nickel loading amount, while excessive nickel loading resulted in the decrease in CO and CH4 yields and significant increase in CO2 yield. The presence of steam contributed to enhancing the tar steam reforming as well as reactions between steam and produced gases, while decrease the contact probability between the reactants and the active sites of catalysts, leading to a little decrease in tar conversion efficiency but significant increase in syngas yield. The iron and nickel oxides were reduced by the syngas (CO and H2) from the biomass pyrolysis, and stable and porous structure was formed on the surface of the nickel loaded catalysts during tar reforming. |
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| Keywords: | Biomass Tar removal Catalytic reforming Steel slag Nickel |
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